Scoliosis is defined as lateral spinal curve associated with torsion of the vertebrae and thorax, as well as disturbance of the sagittal profile. Lateral deviation, lordosis and axial rotation form the characteristic trias for scoliosis. Scoliosis can be classified into congenital (associated with various inborn vertebrae anomalies), idiopathic (most frequent and with unknown causes) and neuromuscular. In addition, there is a basic practical classification of scoliosis, i.e. those are structural and nonstructural (functional) scoliosis. When scoliosis is being diagnosed, it is important to rely on anamnesis, clinical examination and X – ray examination of the spine. One method of the treatment of scoliosis includes various corsets and orthoses. They are named after a spine location on which they are applied and marked by an acronym. The opinions are divided when it comes to the efficiency and effectiveness of orthoses treatment of scoliosis. Some authors claim that orthoses treatment is abandoned, but sometimes this kind of treatment is being used in certain stages of progressive infantile scoliosis or in cases when surgical procedure can be postponed. Considering the numerous factors and their various mutual influences, according to read literature, published results of orthoses treatment remain contradictory.