Muscular dystrophies are a type of neuromuscular disease. These are hereditary and progressive muscle disorders characterized by muscle weakness. The disease is caused by a gene mutation and affects men more often. There are different types of muscular dystrophy, and they differ in the affected muscle group, age of onset and progression. The most common forms are Duchenne's and Becker's, and rarer forms are myotonic, girdle, Emery Dreifuss, fascioscapulohumeral, oculopharyngeal, congenital and distal muscular dystrophy. Most forms of muscular dystrophy occur in children and adolescents, and some in later life. Frequent symptoms of the disease can be progressive muscle weakness, frequent falls, walking on tiptoes, pain, stiffness, difficulty standing up, asymmetrical walking and asymmetrical sitting. Contractures and deformations such as scoliosis occur, and over time the sufferers lose their independence and must use aids such as orthoses and wheelchairs. Physiotherapy interventions are aimed at improving and maintaining muscle strength, preserving mobility so that patients can be independent in daily activities, preventing joint contractures and segment deformations. It is important to carry out respiratory physiotherapy in order to reduce the occurrence of lung diseases and accumulation of secretions. Attempts are being made to improve the quality of functional and social life, and it is very important to inform and educate the patient and his environment in order to understand his condition. Providing support and assistance during rehabilitation is of great importance in reducing the development of the disease.