Age and aging are inevitable in the life of every individual. The aging of the world population is considered the most important medical and socio-demographic problem today. A sedentary lifestyle, which prevails in old age, can cause physiological changes because it reduces maximal aerobic capacity, muscle strength, motor responses and overall functional capacity. Inactive people of the third age are exposed to an increased risk of loss of mobility and functional independence due to a decrease in muscle mass, physical and neuromuscular function (muscle strength and power) and are prone to an increased risk of sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. It contributes to the risk of physical weakness, functional impairment in the elderly, and poor health-related quality of life and premature death. Several working groups and scientific societies around the world have attempted to provide evidence-based guidelines on appropriate diagnostic criteria and thresholds for defining sarcopenia. Primary sarcopenia refers to age-related sarcopenia and is common among older adults. Physical exercise has proven to be a very useful tool for the treatment and prevention of sarcopenia, and is not contraindicated in the elderly when it is properly adapted. When considering a program for the treatment of sarcopenia, it should be taken into account that there are different types of exercise, and a unique or mixed program can be planned combining different types of exercise. Elderly people should be as physically active as their abilities and conditions allow. It is recommended to carry out aerobic exercises, strength and flexibility exercises every week and, if necessary, activities for balance. Regular physical activity and avoiding a sedentary lifestyle is essential for healthy aging as it reduces the prevalence of disability, mortality, chronic diseases and premature death. Interventions should be aimed at encouraging participants to increase all forms of physical activity throughout the day. Active seniors in particular appear to develop "successful aging" compared to those who do not lead active lives. Developing simple lifestyle interventions and safe, effective and sustainable ways to promote physical activity, with the aim of preserving muscle mass and strength during aging, is essential for the care of middle-aged and elderly patients.