Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant diseases in the world and it is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Breast cancer occur when glandular breast cells change its features and begin to grow uncontrollably, multiply and destroy healthy surrounding tissue. Risk factors for breast cancer can be breast cancer in family history, age, sex, nutrition, alcoholism, menstrual and reproductive risk factors, late first birth, stress, obesity, smoking, hormone and gene mutations. Breast cancer therapy involves surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy and hormone therapy. Mastectomy is a surgery that involves removal of the whole breast. The most common complications after mastectomy are remission of the stitches, lymphedema, reduction of range of motion of the hand, damage of the hand inervation, reduced mobility, fatigue and small physical endurance. Physiotherapy after mastectomy in women who have had breast cancer, has a very important role and it includes physical and mental rehabilitation. Goal of physiotherapy after mastectomy is to reestablish body function, activity and mobility of upper extremities and to preserve health. In order for rehabilitation to be successful it is necessary to set goals and plan of therapy, to set indications and contraindications, to evaluate the duration of treatment and prognosis and to determine the motivation of the patient to achieve goals.