In this final paper, we will go through the development tree of the economy, its origin and how the economy was influenced by classical Greece, the Bible, St. Thomas Aquinas and others. We will also look at two economic orientations that had a significant impact on the economy, mercantilism and physiocratism, both of which originated in France in the middle of the 17th century and in the second half of the 18th century, respectively. Classical political economy, i.e. its origin, is marked by strong industrial development, primarily in England, and we wrote about the thoughts and influence of Adam Smith as the most famous representative of classical political economy, who today is considered the father of economics, which in his time was characterized as political economy. In relation to classical political economy, we covered 5 topics, among which are the criticism of Marxist economic thought, the school of subjective values, and the development directions of economic thought in the 20th century. Finally, we looked at the economics of well-being and the difference between individual and social well-being.