Patients who are immobile for a long time spend a long time in bed, which represents numerous motor problems caused by immobility, they cannot partially or fully perform selfcare and health care, and they need the help of others. Pressure ulcers are the most common complications of long-term lying down, that is, localized injuries to the skin and background tissue. Furthermore, lung infections are a common disease and have a high incidence in elderly people who stay in bed for a long time. Deep vein thrombosis and its major complication, pulmonary embolism, collectively referred to as venous thromboembolism, is one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. Contractures are characterized by the inability to move the joint freely. One of the most prominent clinical complications of long-term lying down is physical inactivity and mechanical stress, which is manifested by muscle atrophy and loss of muscle function, which requires extensive physical rehabilitation. Physiotherapists working in intensive care, hospital wards and clinics are often involved in designing and implementing participatory rehabilitation programs to increase mobility, strength and exercise tolerance in conscious but critically ill patients. The goal of this final paper was to describe the most common complications of prolonged lying down and the role of physiotherapists in their prevention.