Down syndrome is the most common genetic disorder caused by the presence of an additional 21st chromosome, characterized by specific physical features and varying degrees of intellectual disability. Despite advances in understanding this syndrome and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, individuals with Down syndrome still face numerous challenges. Hypotonia, heart defects, vision and hearing problems, gastrointestinal issues, and orthopedic anomalies significantly impact the motor development of children with Down syndrome. The development of basic motor skills, such as head control, sitting, crawling, walking, and fine motor skills, in children with Down syndrome is often delayed due to hypotonia and other health issues. The psychomotor development of children with Down syndrome progresses through specific stages, including the neonatal period, early and late infancy, early childhood, preschool age, early school age, adolescence, and adulthood, with each stage presenting unique challenges and requiring tailored interventions. Early intervention, customized therapeutic approaches, and continuous support can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with Down syndrome and their families.