This paper examines the legal framework for the protection of children's rights within the family in the Republic of Croatia, with a focus on domestic and international legal documents and standards. The paper discusses the fundamental definitions of family and children's rights, and how these definitions influence the legal protection of children in the family context. Key laws, such as the Family Act, the Criminal Code, and the Social Welfare Act, and their application in protecting children's rights are analyzed. Particular attention is given to the criminal-legal protection of children from abuse, neglect, and trafficking, as well as measures to protect the personal rights and well-being of children implemented by social services. The paper identifies challenges such as the slow judicial processes and insufficiently clear definitions of legal terms, which hinder the effective protection of children. Finally, measures are proposed to improve the legal system, including better institutional coordination, legislative reforms, and strengthening of social services to ensure comprehensive and effective child protection. The conclusion emphasizes the need for continuous adaptations of the legal framework to safeguard the best interests of the child.