A myofascial pain syndrome is characterized by pain caused by myofascial trigger points. Trigger points arise in response to an injury, overload, muscle imbalance or postural abnormality. Dry needling is non-pharmacological method of treating myofascial pain syndrome in which the acupuncture needle is inserted into the myofascial trigger point and thus deactivates it thereby reducing pain. There are several types of dry needling and the basic classification is on superficial and deep dry needling. In order for a dry needling to be carried out safely, the therapist needs to have an excellent knowledge of anatomy in order to reduce the risk of injury of surrounding structures. The basic goal of dry needling is to induce a local twitch response, which indicates that the needle has reached the trigger point. Treatment of dry needling involves patient education and consent, therapist and patient preparation, patient positioning, trigger point palpation, application of dry needling and after treatment care. Numerous studies have confirmed the effectiveness of dry needling in various medical conditions such as headaches, lower back pain, hypertonus, temporomandibular joint dysfunction, etc. The aim of the final thesis is to demonstrate dry needling as a method within physiotherapy process and its scientific evidence.