Cardiovascular diseases are diseases of heart and blood vessels. According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world, of which about 17 million people die annually, making it 5.5 million (respectively 48%) of all deaths in Europe. Cardiovascular diseases are largely preventable, i.e. it is possible to prevent or delay their beginning and the emergence of complications, affecting on risk factors important for the onset of diseases such as smoking, alcohol, elevated blood pressure, blood fats, irregular nutrition, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. These risk factors cause damage to heart and brain blood vessels that leads to atherosclerosis, which begins to develop in childhood and manifests itself in a one’s middle age in the form of a heart attack or stroke. SCORE chart assesses a ten-year risk of illness from fatal cardiovascular diseases. Primary prevention objective is early detection of risk factors, and secondary prevention objective is the treatment of certain factors and slowdown of development of atherosclerosis as well as cardiovascular diseases. Prevention of cardiovascular disease starts in the early teens and lasts a lifetime. It is important to acquaint people on how to lead a healthy lifestyle and to educate them about the risk factors that come with bad habits.