Osteoporosis is a progressive, metabolic disease of the bone system. It occurs as a result of reduced bone density, damage of bone structure, which results in a greater chance of fracture. Fractures most commonly occur in the area of the hip, vertebrae and wrist. Osteoporosis occurs more frequently due to prolonged life expectancy, and an unhealthy lifestyle that includes physical inactivity, unhealthy diet and smoking. The disease most commonly affects post-menopausal women and eldery men. A problem with diagnosis may be a lack of symptoms. Due to the lack of symptoms, it is important to prevent the onset of the disease. The physiotherapist, as well as other healthcare professionals, play an important role in the prevention and treatment of the disease. Osteoporosis prevention is carried out with proper nutrition and physical activity throughout life, from childhood. A diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium is important. There are also associations that work to help prevent and treat illness. The physiotherapy program should be designed individually based on a physiotherapy assessment. A physical therapist must act in the prevention of falls and the progression of osteoporosis. It achieves this through balance exercises, strengthening of the back, abdominal muscles, and hip muscles.