Since it was introduced as an Olympic sport in 1896, at the summer games in Athens, swimming soon took on the characteristics of a year-round sport. It is considered one of the best sports for human health, but incorrect execution of the swimming technique itself and overtraining can lead to overexertion syndrome and injuries to the swimmer's musculoskeletal system. Every professional sport carries certain risks for the occurrence of injuries, and swimming is no exception. Injuries occur due to a reduced or excessive training process, avoiding rest periods, poor movement technique or returning too quickly after untreated previous injuries. Constantly repetitive movements during normal swimming can predispose elite swimmers to musculoskeletal injuries. The most common injury among swimmers is the so-called "swimmer's shoulder". Swimmer's shoulder is not a specific clinical diagnosis, but a set of conditions, in professional swimmers, characterized by pain and dysfunction of the shoulder complex, and can be caused by subacromial impingement syndrome, overuse, scapular dyskinesia, instability or suprascapular neuropathy. Also, adequate volume of training, adequate warm-up on dry land, strengthening and stretching of the muscles of the rotator cuff, as well as the trunk, can prevent the occurrence of swimmer's shoulder syndrome in competitive swimmers.