Bronchial asthma is a chronic disease that affects mainly children. It is characterized by inflammation of the airwaves causing the swelling of the inner walls and increased secretion of mucus. Inflammation also causes difficulties in passing the air so the main symptoms of asthma are coughing and shortness of breath. During an asthma attack, the patient is frightened and his breathing is very fast and shallow. The attack usually occurs at night and it is necessary to educate the patient, his family and friends how to properly behave during the attack. The symptoms are not the same in all patients, and the progression of the disease is possible if the treatment is not carried out regularly. The best treatment is simultaneously applying medicaments and physical therapy. The course of treatment is determined by the symptoms and the patient’s condition. Medicaments that can be used are anti- inflammatory and symptomatic. In addition to medicaments, respiratory physiotherapy has an important role in the treatment of patients with asthma. Its aim is prevention and rehabilitation. Physical therapy improves breathing and gas exchange in the lungs causing coughing easier. Also, with various exercises, a respiratory therapist affects existing deformations of the spine and rib cage which are very common in patients with bronchial asthma. The most important exercises that are performed are relaxation exercises, breathing exercises and postural drainage. All performed procedures are adapted to the patient, his age and physical abilities.