Ankle is the most dynamically and statically stressed joint in the human body and is therefore the most commonly injured one looking at osteoligamentary injuries. Interventions for the prevention of ankle sprains include the use of tape and orthoses, strengthening of the evertor muscles and proprioceptive training. Risk factors for lateral ankle sprain have not been identified with sufficient accuracy. Injuries in sports are caused by a combination of several different factors. The most common mechanism of lateral ankle sprain injury is a combination of inversion movement and plantar flexion. Ankle sprain is the most common injury among physically active population, especially in football. Football is the most popular sport in the world, including Croatia. Due to the high recurrence rate, ankle sprain is a great burden for the sports medicine system. An ankle sprain injury is accompanied by pain, swelling, skin discoloration, and difficulty walking. There are three degrees of ankle sprain depending on the size of the damage and the number of ligaments involved. The diagnosis of ankle sprain is made by collecting anamnestic data with the implementation of physical examination, X-ray, specific tests and sometimes ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. Ankle sprain treatment can be conservative or surgical. It is usually treated conservatively, unless severe damage to the ligaments and surrounding structures of the ankle is present. After assessing and determining the degree and complexity of the injury, the physiotherapist conducts a conservative method of treatment. There is currently no gold standard for treating ankle sprains. Therapeutic exercises should always be performed. Multidimensional treatments are needed to speed up the recovery process, and to get the athlete back to training and competition as soon as possible. Given that certain data on the injury and treatment of ankle sprains in football players and athletes are still conflicting, it is necessary to collect all relevant papers on this topic, analyze them and provide adequate conclusions. This paper seeks to answer all the unknowns related to this topic.