Background and Purpose: One of the most common injuries of the knee joint is rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (lat. anterior cruciate ligament - ACL). The most often occurs in young and active people and can leave behind negative long-term physical and psychological consequences. To establish a diagnosis it is necessary to have a complete medical history, a good clinical examination, and in some cases magnetic resonance imaging. The aim of this graduate thesis is to systematically review the literature to determine the effectiveness of different operative and conservative approaches in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Materials and Methods: PubMed, ProQuest, and SAGE journals databases were searched by keywords in English: ACL injuries, ACL reconstruction, ACL conservative treatment. Results: 12 research articles were selected that examined the effects of different methods of conservative and operative treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Conclusion: There is no single method of treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The choice of treatment depends on obtaining type and level of the activity of the injured. Current evidence suggests a similarity of average long-term outcomes between the surgical and conservative treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. The exceptions are young athletes and athletes of high competitive level in whom the reconstruction method gives superior results compared to conservative rehabilitation.